Al-Azhar University, Faculty of Science (Boys)Al-Azhar Bulletin of Science1110-253526Issue 2-D20151201GEOLOGY, MINERALOGY AND RADIOACTIVITY STUDIES OF WADI KHUDA STREAM SEDIMENTS, SOUTH EASTERN DESERT, EGYPT1122262010.21608/absb.2015.22620ENA. A.HASSAN,Nuclear Materials Authority, P. O. Box 530, El-Maadi, Cairo, EgyptA.EL AZABSHAHIN,Nuclear Materials Authority, P. O. Box 530, El-Maadi, Cairo, EgyptMASOUDMASOUD S.Nuclear Materials Authority, P. O. Box 530, El-Maadi, Cairo, EgyptJournal Article20150716This study concerned with the geologic features, mineralogical composition and radioactivity of Wadi Khuda stream sediments south Eastern Desert of Egypt.Geologically, the basement rocks cropping out at Wadi Khuda area are gneisses, gabbro-diorite complex, tonalite-granodiorite, monzogranite and albite granite. The area is drained by several Wadis as Wadi Khuda, Wadi Hindia, Wadi Shut and Wadi Salib el Abiad. The stream sediments samples indicate significant enriched in some HFSE (high field strength elements) such as Zr, Y, Nb compared to the probable source rocks. This indicate that these trace elements in the stream sediments derived from the muscovite granite and granitic pegmatities.<br />Mineralogical studies on the heavy minerals of Wadi Khuda recorded by magnetite, ilmenite, zircon, thorite, titanite, fluorite, and garnet. The radiometric measurements of the studied stream sediments show that eU varies from 3 to 16 ppm with an average of 7.6 ppm, while eTh ranges from 6 to 40 ppm with an average of 21.5 ppm. The average concentration of Ra and K% are 4.2 ppm and 1.8% respectively.Al-Azhar University, Faculty of Science (Boys)Al-Azhar Bulletin of Science1110-253526Issue 2-D20151201GEOELECTRICAL ANALYSIS ON THE GROUNDWATER OCCURRENCE FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF EAST EL MINYA GOVERNORATE, EGYPT13302262110.21608/absb.2015.22621ENABDEL HAFEEZTHARWAT H.Departments of Geology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University
Cairo, Egypt.SABETHASSAN S.Departments of Geology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University
Cairo, Egypt.EL SAYEDAHMED N.Geophysics, Desert Research Center,
Cairo, Egypt.A. ZAYEDMAHMOUDDepartments of Geology, Faculty of ScienceJournal Article20150722The investigated area is a part of Nile valley which is surrounded by limestone plateaus of Egypt. It is located between Latitudes 28º 15′ - 28º 45’ N and Longitudes 30º 45- 31º 00′ E, and has a surface area of about 1362 Square kilometers. The geoelectrical resistivity measurements have been carried out, using a Schlumberger array to identify the resistivity and thicknesses of different subsurface layers and determine groundwater occurrences. For these purpose, 44 Schlumberger vertical electrical soundings (VES) were conducted with a maximum half current electrode spacing of 700 m. Results from the quantitative interpretation of sounding data indicate that, the area is generally underlain by five main geoelectrical units (A, B, C, D and E). The main characteristics of these geoelectrical layers as well as, the main features of the constructed geoelectrical cross sections have been interpreted in the case of determining the groundwater occurrences. Based on the results obtained, four water-bearing layers (aquifers) were detected in the investigated area. The Quaternary deposits represented by Pleistocene Neonile Sediments of sands and gravels with clay and Shale lenses (A3) act as the first aquifer which represents a limited distribution in the investigated area. The second water-bearing layer (C1) corresponds to water-bearing limestone of Maghagha Formation which lead to the second aquifer and represents also a limited distribution in the investigated area. The third one (D4) corresponds to water-bearing limestone of Samalut Formation which lead to the third aquifer and represents a wide distribution in the investigated area. The fourth water bearing zone (E) corresponds to water-bearing limestone of Minia Formation which lead to the fourth aquifer and represents a wide distribution in the investigated area. Two priority maps for groundwater exploitation in the investigated area have been presented for each of El Minia and Samalut aquifers. It can be concluded that, the priority is generally increasing toward the southern parts, especially at wadi El Saririia area, where El Minia Aquifer occupy the first category and at wadi El Sheikh Hasan where the two main aquifers of Samalut and El Minia facies are well representedAl-Azhar University, Faculty of Science (Boys)Al-Azhar Bulletin of Science1110-253526Issue 2-D20151201EVALUATION, RADIOACTIVITY AND MECHANICAL ANALYSIS OF THE TOP METER BLACK SANDS NORTH EAST OF MOTOBAS INDUSTERIAL SECTOR, KAFR AL-SHEIKH GOVERNORATE, EGYPT.31502262210.21608/absb.2015.22622ENA. H.EL-AFANDY,Nuclear Material Authority, P.O. Box 530 Maadi, Cairo, Egypt.M.I.MOUSTAFA,Nuclear Material Authority, P.O. Box 530 Maadi, Cairo, Egypt., H.A.,EL NAHASNuclear Material Authority, P.O. Box 530 Maadi, Cairo, Egypt., A.A.ABDOUNuclear Material Authority, P.O. Box 530 Maadi, Cairo, Egypt.M.GBARAKAT,Nuclear Material Authority, P.O. Box 530 Maadi, Cairo, Egypt.Journal Article20150901ABSTRACTThe coastal plain of study area covered by sea water rich in fines derived from the clay lenses of the continental shelf by erosion processcomprises three zones; eastern, middle and western. So, the high content of fines variesfrom 0.72 % to 74.08 with an average of 18%.Theapparent specific gravityof topmost partof the sands one meter thick varies from 1.29 g/cm³ to 1.74 g/cm³with anaverage of 1.59 g/cm³.The studied sediments are derived fromriver environment, due to the high content of clay and organic matter in the raw sands. The average percentage of sand fraction finer than 125 micron hasanaverage value of 19.51 %,in which thetotal heavy fractions constitutes92.78 %in average of its total amounts.The calculated total reserve of the economic heavy minerals reaches up to578,760tons separated from 2893.800 tons bulk sands. Its mineralconstituents are;182,850tonsmagnetite, 329,130 tons ilmenite, 23,850 tons garnet, 14,310 tons leucoxene, 20,670 tons zircon, 6,996 tons rutile and 954 tons monazite.The radiometric measurementsof the study area revealed that the western zone which occupiesfour square kilometers have high valuesof specific activity, absorbed and effective doses because of itshigh contents of monazite and radioactive zircon, while the eastern and middle zones eachoccupythree square kilometerspossesa moderatetolow values of these activitiesrespectively.Therefore, thethe western zone isnot recommended asbuilding materialsbecause of itsrelatively high radioactivity.Meanwhile, sands of the middleand eastern zones are recommended for the same target, after separation the economic and strategic minerals of strategic importance.Al-Azhar University, Faculty of Science (Boys)Al-Azhar Bulletin of Science1110-253526Issue 2-D20151201CONTRIBUTION TO THE MINERALOGY OF EL SELA URANIFEROUS SHEAR ZONE, SOUTHEASTERN DESERT, EGYPT51592262310.21608/absb.2015.22623ENANWAREMADNuclear Materials Authority, P.O. Box, 530, El Maadi, Cairo, EgyptJournal Article20150805El Sela area is one of the most important localities for uranium mineralization in the granites of the southeastern Desert of Egypt. Radiometric analyses for the light and heavy fractions from composite mineralized channel samples collected from the kaolinized granite proved the presence of high uranium concentration in both fractions. The light fraction represents about 84.80% by weight of original sample, containing an average of 26.90% of the total uranium present in these samples. Detailed microscopic examination, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis and scanning electron microscope (SEM) were used to identify and characterize the uranium bearing –minerals responsible for the radioactivity in both heavy and light fractions of the studied samples. The heavy fraction (15.2 wt %) is characterized by the presence of secondary uranium minerals (lead-meta-tautunite and phurcalite) together with zircon. In addition of non-radioactive minerals (fluorite, apatite and titanite) are recorded. On the other hand, the high radioactivity of the light fraction is mainly attributed to the presence of secondary uranium minerals coating the light minerals and most probably to the adsorption of hexavalent uranium onto clay minerals (kaolinite) resulting from alteration of feldspars. This mode of occurrence of the uranium must be considered during mineral processing whether by physical or direct hydrometallurgical treatments.Al-Azhar University, Faculty of Science (Boys)Al-Azhar Bulletin of Science1110-253526Issue 2-D20151201SEDIMENTOLOGICAL, PETROGRAPHICALAND GEOCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF THE OLIGOCENE “GABALAHMAR FORMATION” AT MAADI-QATTAMIYA AREA, EGYPT61842262410.21608/absb.2015.22624ENO.R.ELSHAHATGeology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar UniversityJournal Article20150818An integrated mechanical, mineralogical, petrographical and geochemical studies were carried out on the sand and sand- stone samples from the Gabal Ahmar Formation in Maadi- El Qattamiya area. Twenty-nine samples were collected from two sections. Grain size analysis of the studied sediment has been carried to evaluate its textural parameters and statistical mea- sures to depict the depositional pattern of sediments in the study area.<br />The samples are medium to very coarse-grained (1.007 to -0.54 φ), poorly to very well-sorted (-0.040 to 1.32φ), very fine to coarse skewed (-0.11 to 1.72φ) and mesokurtic to very leptokurtic (-1.59-2.82φ) in nature. The grain size distribution reveals that the transporting medium must have undergone series of rise and fall in its velocity. The studied samples could be classified into three types gravelly and slightly gravel sand, gravel and sand class.<br />Petrographically, the Gabal Ahmar sandstones are mainly ferruginous arenite, ferruginous and calcareous greywackes, generally, moderately/poorly sorted, sub-angular, sub-rounded with silica, carbonate and sericite cement. The main mineral- ogical constituents are quartz, montmorillonite, calcite, microcline and hematite. The detected heavy minerals are magnetite, hematite, limonite, zircon, and glauconite. All the identified grains of heavy minerals show different shapes.<br />The geochemistry of the studied sandstones supports the petrographic results. The sandstone is therefore highly siliceous, with exception of three calcareous sandstone samples which recorded a major amount of CaO up to 30.35%. The Gabal Ahmar sandstones can be classified chemically into arenite and greywacke.Al-Azhar University, Faculty of Science (Boys)Al-Azhar Bulletin of Science1110-253526Issue 2-D20151201CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE CHEMICAL MODELING OF SOME GRANITIC MASSES IN THE CENTRAL EASTERN DESERT, EGYPT971102262510.21608/absb.2015.22625ENEL-SHERIFANAS M.Nuclear Materials Authority, P. O. Box 530, El-Maadi, Cairo, EgyptJournal Article20150808Gabal Delihimmi (140 km2), Gabal Abu Tiyur (30 km2) and Gabal Um Shaddad (17 km2) are three granitic masses located in the central Eastern Desert of Egypt, intruding older metavolcanics, granodiorite and metasediments. These three granitic masses were studied geochemically for petrogenetic modeling.<br />The modal mineralogic analysis shows that Gabal Delihimmi granites are composed of orthoclase perthites, quartz, plagioclase and biotites, whereas Gabal Abu Tiyur and Gabal Um Shaddad granites are composed of microcline perthites, quartz, plagioclase and minor biotites.<br />Fractional crystallization and mass balance modeling for the younger granites of Gabal Delihimmi granite, Gabal Um Shaddad granite and Gabal Abu Tiyur indicate their derivation from the parent mafic magma granodiorite, through fractional crystallization of plagioclase, hornblende, orthoclase, biotite, quartz and apatite with residual liquid ranging from 0.00% to 0.13%. The relatively small value ΣR2 (0.001) indicates a good fit of the resulting model.<br />Using REE petrogenetic modeling, Gabal Delihimmi granite can be produced from 40% non-modal partial melting for the bulk continental source materials followed by 35% crystal fractionation whereas Gabal Abu Tiyur (type 1) and Gabal Um Shaddad granites can be produced from 30% non-modal partial melting for the upper continental source materials followed by 40% crystal fractionation. On the other hand, Gabal Abu Tiyur granite (type 2) can be produced from granitic source materials by 50% modal partial melting followed by 60% crystal fractionation.<br />The tetrad effect was a feature of the magma-fluid system before magmatic crystallization or that the tetrad effect in the whole rock samples was inherited from an external fluid during or after the emplacement of the magma.Al-Azhar University, Faculty of Science (Boys)Al-Azhar Bulletin of Science1110-253526Issue 2-D20151201MINERALOGICAL AND RADIOACTIVE CHARACTERIZATION OF GABAL EL-URF PEGMATITES, CENTRAL EASTERN DESERT, EGYPT85962262610.21608/absb.2015.22626ENEL-SHERIFANAS M.Nuclear Materials Authority, P. O. Box 530, El-Maadi, Cairo, EgyptJournal Article20150811The present study deals with the mineralogical and radioactive characteristics of the pegmatitic rocks at Gabal El-Urf area, Central Eastern Desert of Egypt.<br />The zoned pegmatites of El-Urf area are composed of three enriched mineral zones; extremely milky quartz core, intermediate mica zone and feldspars wall zone.<br />The identified separated heavy minerals in the studied pegmatite can be grouped into three mineral groups; the primary minerals (pyrite, molybdenite, rutile, magnetite, thorianite, zircon, columbite and garnet), the secondary minerals (uranophane, kasolite, uranothorite, samarskite, uranopolycrase, dravite, ilmenorutile, allanite and titanite.) and the gangue minerals (lanarkite, barite, hematite, ilmenite, goethite, apatite, monazite and kamitugaite).<br />The studied zoned pegmatites hosting or acting as a source for uranium and rare metals (Zr, Y, Nb and Th) mineralizations. Multistage deformation, magmatic and hydrothermal processes accompanied by events of uranium mineralization with the associated rare metals mineralizations in different episodes affected Gabal El-Urf zoned pegmatites.<br />The rare metals can be originated through magmatic and hydrothermal fluids under the restrictive sets of conditions that commonly prevail in these zoned pegmatites. The magmatic and hydrothermal processes enriched with rare metals mineralization accompanied by event of an intensive tectonic structure affected Gabal El-Urf pegmatites.Al-Azhar University, Faculty of Science (Boys)Al-Azhar Bulletin of Science1110-253526Issue 2-D20151201CONTRIBUTIONS TO MINERALOGY AND RADIOACTIVITY OF WADI ABU MAYAH STREAM SEDIMENTS, CENTRAL EASTERN DESERT, EGYPT1111222262710.21608/absb.2015.22627ENEL AZABANuclear Materials Authority, P. O. Box 530, El-Maadi, Cairo, EgyptJournal Article20150811The area is far from the Red Sea about 40 km west of Safaga City. The wadi Abu Mayah is located south Qena-Safaga road. This wadi has long 30km, and width 50m to 200m, and covered by stream sediments. The rocks cropping out in the sides of wadi area are metagabbros (oldest), older granitoids, and younger granites (youngest).<br />The heavy content ranging from 2.9% and 9.4% and the average content of total heavy minerals is 5.4%. Opaque minerals represented by Magnetite, Ilmenite constituents have an average 1.2 %, and 0.4 % respectively. Abrasive minerals as Garnet constituents has an average 0.15%, and panting minerals as Rutile and Titanite constituents have an average 0.34%, and 0.15% respectively. Radioactive minerals as Zircon, Monazite, Apatite and Thorite constituents have an average 0.26%, 0.02%, 0.01, and 0.02 % respectively. Amphiboles and Pyroxene constituents range from 2.1% to 4.4% with an average 2.8 %. The eU contents range between 12 and 40ppm with an average 21.3ppm, while eTh is between 20 and 86ppm for with an average 38.2ppm. The average Ra content for these sediments is 2.9ppm, and the average content of K% is 1.5%.Al-Azhar University, Faculty of Science (Boys)Al-Azhar Bulletin of Science1110-253526Issue 2-D20151201GEOLOGY, GEOCHEMISTRY AND RADIOACTIVITY OF GRANITIC AND VOLCANIC ROCKS ATHADARBA AREA, SOUTH EASTERN DESERT, EGYPT1231342262810.21608/absb.2015.22628ENA. AHASSANNuclear Materials Authority, P. O. Box 530, El-Maadi, Cairo, Egypt. MASOUDSHAHIN, MASOUD SNuclear Materials Authority, P. O. Box 530, El-Maadi, Cairo, EgyptMOUSTAFAM. BAYOUMINuclear Materials Authority, P. O. Box 530, El-Maadi, Cairo, EgyptJournal Article20150710The present work deals with geology, geochemistry, radioactivity and tectonic environment of the granitic and volcanic rocks at Hadarba area, South Eastern Desert of Egypt. The granitic rocks comprise tonalite-granodiorite and monzogranite, while the volcanic rocks include rhyolite, rhyodacite and dacite. These rocks are characterized by high concentrations of SiO2, Na2O, Fe2O3, K2O, Zr, Nb and Y but low in MgO, CaO, Cr, Ni, Sr, Ga and V. Field studies indicate that Dokhan volcanics extrude both tonalite-granodiorite and monzogranite with sharp contact forming a thick successive sequence of laminated acid lava flows, crystal lapilli tuffs and agglomerates. They range in composition from rhyolite, rhyodacite to dacite. Shear zone comprise lines–arranged intrusions trending NE-SW direction were recorded north Gabal Hadarba and extends for about 2.3 km in length with a width reaches up to 10 meter. These lines–arranged intrusions include quartz vein, microgranite and basic dykes. These shear zones cut through monzogranite.<br />Petrochemical studies and tectonic discrimination diagrams for the monzogranite reveal that it is classified as granite developed in the within-plate tectonic environment, while Dokhan volcanics are classified as rhyolite and dacite developed in the immature island arcs and active continental margin environments. Field radiometric measurements of the granitic and volcanic rocks reveal low uranium and thorium contents. Equivalent uranium content ranges from 1.2 to 2.7 ppm in the tonalite-granodiorite, from 1.1 to 8.5 ppm in the monzogranite, from 1.3 to 9.3 ppm in the Dokhan volcanic and from 1.4 to 15.4 ppm in the felsite dyke.