Al-Azhar University, Faculty of Science (Boys)Al-Azhar Bulletin of Science1110-253529Issue 2-D20181201SUBSURFACE LOWER–MIDDLE MIOCENE BIOSTRATIGRAPHY OF RAS EL-USH OIL FIELD, G. ZEIT AREA, GULF OF SUEZ, EGYPT1186052810.21608/absb.2018.60528ENA. Abdel GalilHewaidyGeology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, EgyptM. HaithamAyyadGeology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, EgyptAhmedAbdallahGeology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, EgyptJournal Article20180715The Lower-Middle Miocene succession penetrated in four wells in Ras El Ush oil field (Ras El Ush 7,8,12 and 14), East G. Zeit, Gulf of Suez is examined in detail for its foraminiferal and nannofossil contents. The Rudeis, Kareem and Belayim formations are distinguished. One hundred and fifty-one foraminiferal and forty-five nannofossils species are identified. Three planktonic foraminiferal and two nannofossils biozones are distinguished and integrated. The planktonic foraminiferal zones are Catpsydrax dissimilis (M3) of early Miocene (Burdigalian) age, Praeorbulina sicana (M5) of early-middle Miocene (Burdigalian-Langhian) age and Fohsella peripheroacuta (M7) of middle Miocene (Serravallian) age. The nannofossil biozones are Sphenolithus belemnos Zone (NN3) of early Miocene (Burdigalian) age and Helicosphaera ampliaperta Zone (NN4) of early Miocene (Burdigalian)to middle Miocene (Serravallian) aga.https://absb.journals.ekb.eg/article_60528_b0fc6e12e78fa7da4768e89a5eae8746.pdfAl-Azhar University, Faculty of Science (Boys)Al-Azhar Bulletin of Science1110-253529Issue 2-D20181201SUITABILITY OF FELDSPAR-SAND DEPOSITS AS RAW MATERIALS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF CERAMIC TILES AT WADI EL-YATIMA – WADI EL-TULEIA DISTRICT, CENTRAL EASTERN DESERT, EGYPT19316052910.21608/absb.2018.60529ENM. AhmedEl-MezayenGeology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, PO Box 11884, Nasr City, Cairo, EgyptM. HatemEl-DesokyGeology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, PO Box 11884, Nasr City, Cairo, EgyptD. SalwaAbayazedNational Research Centre, El-Buhouth St., Dokki, Cairo 12622, EgyptM. AssemEl-BeryQuality Control Manager, Ceramica Cleopatra, Cairo, EgyptJournal Article20180705The function of feldspar in ceramic bodies is that of a flux and it takes a part in physio-chemical reactions with other crystalline phases. Two formulations were studied on laboratory scale and on production simulation of tile making process, compared with standard one. The tiles made up of feldspar-sand as raw materials and fired between 1125°C (wall tile) and 1185°C (floor tiles). The properties of wall tiles were found to have the water absorption are of 13.43 - 16.25%, bulk density are of 1.65-1.68 g/cm3, apparent porosity are of 22.24-26.82%, linear shrinkage are of 0.01-0.06%, bending strength are of 18.45-23.08 kg/cm2 and loss on ignition are of 3.6-6.0% for wall tiles. Meanwhile, the results of floor tiles were found that the water absorption are of 0.88 - 6.76%, bulk density are of 1.67-1.69 g/cm3, apparent porosity are of 5.11-15.17%, linear shrinkage are of 5.24-6.8%, bending strength are of 22.7-39 kg/cm2 and loss on ignition are of 3.6-6.0%. Among the studied compositions and firing temperatures, tiles (wall & floor) made from a blend containing 29% (wall)-45% (floor) feldspar and 10% (wall) quartz, calcium carbonate 7% (wall), Aswan clay 54% (wall), ball clay 50 % (floor) and talc 5% (floor); and fired at 1125°C (wall) to 1185°C (floor), were found to have the best properties for the production of ceramic tiles. This is an indication that Wadi El-Yatima – Wadi El-Tuleia feldspar-sand deposit is suitable raw materials for the production of ceramic tiles.https://absb.journals.ekb.eg/article_60529_91c0799305e65c410501c2b5ed5f1398.pdfAl-Azhar University, Faculty of Science (Boys)Al-Azhar Bulletin of Science1110-253529Issue 2-D20181201ENHANCED OIL RECOVERY THROUGH WETTABILITY ALTERATION USING NANOTECHNOLOGY TECHNIQUE FOR ABU ROACH C AND D MEMBERS INBADR AL-DIN 15 FIELD AT NORTH WESTERN DESERT, EGYPT33446053710.21608/absb.2018.60537ENAhmedNoohEgyptian Petroleum Research Institute (EPRI), Cairo, EgyptHassanEl ShayebFaculty of Science, Menofiya UniversityMostafaHegyFaculty of Science, Menofiya UniversityEl - AbbasMoustafaEgyptian Petroleum Research Institute (EPRI), Cairo, EgyptJournal Article20180801The majority of enhanced oil recovery mechanisms purposefully alter the wettability of the reservoir rock from oil-wet to water-wet; to increase the amount of oil recovered from it. Wettability is the ability of a fluid to stick to a solid surface in the presence of other immiscible fluids. Wettability alteration is crucial as it affects the amount of oil recovered from a given reservoir. It was concluded that the Nano silicate and aluminum were the best Nano concentration from 1.0 to 4.0 g/L and Nano scale 28-32 nm to change the rock wettability form oil wet to water wet .By doing so these will be reflect on the amount of producing oil. So it can be increased oil productivity by wettability change from oil wet to water wet which was the target of our research.https://absb.journals.ekb.eg/article_60537_1380b41c31650e54ce70393a82a61438.pdfAl-Azhar University, Faculty of Science (Boys)Al-Azhar Bulletin of Science1110-253529Issue 2-D20181215GRAVITY AND MAGNETIC INTERPRETATION USING GEOPHYSICAL DATA AROUND NUWEIBA AREA, GULF OF AQABA, SINAI, EGYPT.45576053010.21608/absb.2018.60530ENHassan SalehSabetGeology Department, Faculty of Science, Al Azhar UniversitySultan Awad SultanAraffaGeology Department, Faculty of Science, Al Azhar UniversityMohammed HussienMahmoudNational Research Institute of Astronomy and Geophysics (NRIAG)Journal Article20180705Delineating the structural features and tectonic hazard for the area under study represent the main target of the present study. Three geophysical tools are used to configurated the tectonic setting in the study are such as gravity, magnetic and seismic activity. Gravity measurements were acquired to represent about 201 gravity stations covered the studied area. Different gravity corrections such as drift, tide, latitude, free-air, Bouguer and Terrain corrections were performed using the commercial software Oasis Montaj version 8.3. The interpretation of gravity data indicates that different trends of structures for example; NW-SE, N–S and NE–SW trends where most of these fault elements are active faults according to seismic events which recorded on their locations. Also, 201 land magnetic stations were measured at same sites of gravity stations. The basement depth derived from the magnetic data has value between 744 m to about 4122 m.https://absb.journals.ekb.eg/article_60530_328cf014f2b284f6279fb199b95a9831.pdfAl-Azhar University, Faculty of Science (Boys)Al-Azhar Bulletin of Science1110-253529Issue 2-D20181201THE IMPACTS OF HUMAN AND AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITIES ON THE GROUNDWATER QUALITY IN MOSTOROD ABU ZABAL AREA, EAST NILE DELTA, Egypt59716053110.21608/absb.2018.60531ENDoaaHegazyDepartment of Geological Applications, National Authority for Remote Sensing and Space Sciences (NARSS), 1564, EgyptMohamedEl-BastaweesyDepartment of Geological Applications, National Authority for Remote Sensing and Space Sciences (NARSS), 1564, EgyptHassanGaramoonDepartment of Geology, Ain Shams University, Cairo, EgyptAhmedMelegyGeological Sciences Department, National Research Centre, Giza, EgyptMohamed AliElsaidHousing and Building National Research Center, Cairo, EgyptJournal Article20180905East of Nile Delta is an important region for agriculture in Egypt, where some problems appeared because of increasing population, decreasing Nile water, excessive pumping of groundwater and irrigation with drainage water. The groundwater quality and quantity in the eastern Nile Delta are highly affected by urbanization, industrial and agricultural activities. In the present study, sixteen groundwater samples were collected from the Quaternary Nile aquifer and the surrounding irrigation canals and drains were sampled too. Also, satellite images (Landsat 8, GeoEye and SRTM) were used to create a landuse map 2018 and to assess the expansion of urban and industrial settlements on the cultivated lands in the eastern Nile Delta. The landuse map shows random increase of industrial settlements along irrigation canals. The groundwater samples are analyzed for major ions, nitrates, and trace elements, in addition to detection of Coliform group. Results of chemical analyses show three hydrochemical facies of groundwater including, namely Na–Cl, Mg (HCO3)2 and a mixed type. The analyzed hydrochemical parameters indicate wide ranges of TDS (320 -1860 mg/l), Na+ (42.7–797 mg/l), NO3− (4 –163 mg/l), Mg2+ (11.5 -122 mg/l) and Cl− (38.3 – 686 mg/l) suggesting complex hydrochemical processes and recharge from multiple sources. TDS, Pb, Fe, Zn, Cl, Mg, and Na exceed the limit of the World Health Organizations standards for drinking water quality in the northeastern part of the study area. Spatial analysis of the landuse map shows that high concentrations of Pb, Zn and Fe2+ are most likely related to contamination from industrial sewage. High nitrate concentrations beyond the permissible limit (50 mg/l) were reported near the drains and associated with high concentrations of the total Coliform count various from 2 to 43 CFU/100 ml indicating a potential mixing between the domestic sewage and returned irrigation water to the groundwater system.https://absb.journals.ekb.eg/article_60531_4105af69a63164a5924cc010966715df.pdfAl-Azhar University, Faculty of Science (Boys)Al-Azhar Bulletin of Science1110-253529Issue 2-D20181201MIOSPORES AND DINOFLAGELLATES BIOZONATION AND PALEOECOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OFTHE SUBSURFACE LOWER CRETACEOUS SUCCESSIONIN NORTH WESTERN DESERT, EGYPT.73926054510.21608/absb.2018.60545ENAbdel Galil A.HewaidyG
eology Departme
nt, Faculty of Science, Al
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Azhar University. P.O.Box 11884Abdel HakamBaioumiEgyptian Petroleum Research Institute (EPRI), Nasr City, Cairo, EgyptWalid A.MakledEgyptian Petroleum Research
I
nstitute (EPRI), Nasr City, Cairo, EgyptMohamed M.El GarhyG
eology Departme
nt, Faculty of Science, Al
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Azhar University. P.O.Box 11884Journal Article20180714A palynological analysis has been carried out on the Lower Cretaceous Kharita, Dahab, Alamein and Alam<br />El Bueib formationsencountered in the subsurface sections of the Mamura-1 (MAX-1), Mersa Matruh-1 (MMX-<br />1) and Burg El Arab-1(BAX-1) wells, north Western Desert of Egypt. 144 core samples have been analyzed<br />palynologically and produced 147 species belonging to 102 genera, which allow and recognizing three informal<br />sporomorph zones and two informal dinoflagellate zones are restricted to northern Western Desert ranging<br />from Neocomian to Albian ages. They are correlated with the well-documented biozonations established for the<br />same interval from other localities in the north Western Desert of Egypt and northern Gondwana regions.<br />According to the relative abundances and paleoecologic characters of the palynomorphs, the Kharita<br />Formation maybe deposited in an open-marine, warmer and humid climate. The Dahab and Alamein formations<br />maybe deposited in a shallow to inner shelf environment and under humid, tropical to sub-tropical climatic<br />conditions. The Alam El Bueib Formation maybe deposited in deltaic; warmer environment under humid<br />climatic conditions.https://absb.journals.ekb.eg/article_60545_6640e6578ccafd532e67b91189a199eb.pdfAl-Azhar University, Faculty of Science (Boys)Al-Azhar Bulletin of Science1110-253529Issue 2-D20181201MINERALOGY AND DIGENETIC IMPACTS ON CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF PALEOZOIC MUDROCKS, OUTHWESTERN SINAI, EGYPT931076053210.21608/absb.2018.60532ENIbrahim A.M.Al
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Azhar University, Faculty of Science, Geology Departme
ntAbdalla S.AlshamiNuclear Material Authority
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EgyptAbayazeed S.D.Geological Science Department, National Research Center
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EgyptSaadawy D.A.Al
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Azhar University, Faculty of Science, Geology Departme
ntJournal Article20180715The present study deals with mineralogy, diagenesis and their impact on chemical composition for Early<br />Paleozoic; Cambro-Ordovician (Adediya and Abu Hamata Formations) and Late Paleozoic; Early Carboniferous (El<br />Hashash and Magharet El Maiah) mudrocks at South Western Sinai area.<br />Mineralogical study reveals the presence of kaolinite and illite clay minerals. The detection of kaolinite and illite<br />clay minerals favour that the environment of formation was alkaline, and the origin of the clay minerals present is<br />chlorite more probably than illite origin where illite can be derived from weathering of chlorite.<br />Diagenetic study reveals that; kaolinite can be neo-formed, transformed at high rainfall and a temperate climate<br />which can transform muscovite and biotite into kaolinite together with some illite.<br />Chemical composition study; abundance, behavior and distribution of major and trace components reveals that<br />the studied mudrocks seem to be formed under reducing alkaline environment.https://absb.journals.ekb.eg/article_60532_36f57ca39e900ec06405a8827c1fd7a6.pdfAl-Azhar University, Faculty of Science (Boys)Al-Azhar Bulletin of Science1110-253529Issue 2-D20181201MINERALOGY AND GEOCHEMISTRY IMPACT ON MIDDLE AND LATE EOCENE CARBONATE ROCKS., EAST HELWAN AREA, EGYPT1091236053310.21608/absb.2018.60533ENJournal Article20180701The present study deals with Geochemistry and Mineralogical impact on Middle and Late Eocene rocks<br />exposed at East Helwan area -Egypt. The studied area lies between Latitudes 29º 47' 30ʹʹ and 29º 53 ' 00ʹʹ N.<br />and longitudes 31º 21' 04ʹʹ and 31º 28' 45ʹʹ E.<br />Middle and Late Eocene sediments are subdivided into five rock units from base to top: Middle Eocene<br />(Gebel Houf and Observatory Formations); Late Eocene (EL-Qurn, Wadi Garawi and Wadi Houf Formations).<br />Mineral composition was done on nineteen carbonate samples (using x-ray diffraction method. The study<br />reveals the presence of a number of carbonate minerals; calcite, dolomite, and non-carbonate minerals name<br />Gypsum, Anhydrite, Halite, and quartz in variable amounts.<br />Chemical composition of the carbonate rocks for fifty four samples (major and trace elements) represent<br />Middle and Late Eocene carbonates were done. The data reveal that Middle and Late Eocene carbonates were<br />deposited under shallow, alkaline and oxidizing environmental conditions.https://absb.journals.ekb.eg/article_60533_a37f1e1a89a5ae19348a54819e094cec.pdfAl-Azhar University, Faculty of Science (Boys)Al-Azhar Bulletin of Science1110-253529Issue 2-D20181201INTEGRATION OF GEOSPATIAL TECHNIQUES FOR MAPPING GROUNDWATER POTENTIALITIES IN EL-QAA PLAIN, SOUTHWEST SINAI, EGYPT1251426053410.21608/absb.2018.60534ENJournal Article20180803Groundwater represents the essential source of fresh water in most arid regions, such as the Sinai Peninsula. Exploration of groundwater resources in dry lands requires survey of vast areas with conventional land-based techniques. This study performs criteria for groundwater probabilities in the southwestern part of Sinai Peninsula by mapping Groundwater Potential (GWP) using advanced remote sensing and geospatial techniques along with field validation, as a complemented tool for the conventional land-based methods. The main goal of this work is delineating groundwater recharging by identifying and examining the influence of physiographic variables that affecting groundwater storage. Therefore, multi-sensors remote sensing data from ASTER, Landsat-8, MODIS, Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM), Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM), and Radarsat-1 were used to construct several geospatial thematic layers (variables). These layers include elevation, slope, curvature, drainage density, topographic wetness index, surface roughness, frequency of thermal anomaly, accumulated precipitation, Land Use/Land Cover (LULC) and lineament density. All variables were arranged and weighted based on their contributions in groundwater recharge through infiltration and percolation processes of near surface aquifers. The Simple Additive Weight (SAW) method was adopted for computing the variables weights and producing the GWP map. This aggregated map was then classified into 5 classes, from very high to very low potentiality zones. The highest GWP zone was defined along Wadi El-Awaj, the northern part of Wadi Araba, and near the outlets of several wadies south of El-Tour City. The GWP was observed to be associated with low terrain, high surface ruggedness, increased drainage and lineament densities, and relatively close to thermal anomalies in wadi deposits and adjacent sandy areas. The results were validated by field observations including, soil infiltration rate, water wells data and vegetation patterns in the study area. Based on the outcomes, remote sensing data along with geospatial techniques can provide a powerful tool for groundwater probabilities in arid lands, and thus can be applied in regions with similar conditions, such as the Middle East countries.https://absb.journals.ekb.eg/article_60534_60b910efd36ad84f876f0195fad49f01.pdfAl-Azhar University, Faculty of Science (Boys)Al-Azhar Bulletin of Science1110-253529Issue 2-D20181201MINERALOGY AND RADIOACTIVITY OF THE SOUTHERN PART OF NASSER LAKE SEDIMENTS, EGYPT1431636053510.21608/absb.2018.60535ENJournal Article20180719Nasser Lake area delineated by Latitudes 22°00′ –23°58′ N and Longitudes 30°07′–33°15′ E. The identified heavy mineral assemblages of 64 collected representative samples of the study area can be classified into two main groups. The first one is the opaque minerals as; magnetite, hematite, ilmenite, leucoxene, vanadium, chromite, pyrite, atacamite, alumina minerals, gold and silver. The second group is non-opaque minerals includes garnet, monazite, rutile, zircon, titanite, apatite and green silicates (pyroxene and amphibole groups with other minerals such as: epidote, biotite, muscovite, andalusite and sillimanite).<br />The examined sediments of studied area are characterized by radiometrically (low) concentrations of eU and eTh. The radiometrically elemental concentration of eU ranges between U/D and 4ppm with an average of 1.3ppm, while eTh is between 2 and 17ppm with an average of 5.61ppm. The Ra content ranges between 1and 4ppm with an average of 1.66ppm. The content of K ranges between 0.68% and 1.25% with an average of 0.61%.https://absb.journals.ekb.eg/article_60535_bb10e193c4421159b14b5ebba8e7db16.pdfAl-Azhar University, Faculty of Science (Boys)Al-Azhar Bulletin of Science1110-253529Issue 2-D20181201GEOLOGICAL, PETROGRAPHICAL AND GEOCHEMICAL STUDIES ON ZABARAH METASEDIMENTS, SOUTH EASTERN DESERT, EGYPT1651826053610.21608/absb.2018.60536ENJournal Article20180610The present work discusses the geological, petrographical and geochemical features of the metasediments in Wadi Zabarah area. Detailed field studies revealed that this area comprises two main rock types of the metasediments: 1) psammitic and psammopelitic schists and 2) cataclastic rocks. The psammitic and psammopelitic schists are classified according to grade of metamorphism into: tremolite-actinolite schists, graphite schists, tourmaline-bearing schists, beryl-bearing schists, quartzitic schists and garnet-bearing schists. Cataclastic rocks comprise protomylonitic, blastomylonitic and ultramylonitic schists. The geochemical characters of these rocks revealed that they are comparable with the non-peralkaline, peraluminous, continental and/or oceanic island arc sandstones.https://absb.journals.ekb.eg/article_60536_bf53738129043be0274aed24ccd3bf69.pdf