eng
Al-Azhar University, Faculty of Science (Boys)
Al-Azhar Bulletin of Science
1110-2535
2636-3305
2009-12-01
20
Issue 2-A
1
21
10.21608/absb.2009.7650
7650
Original Article
A CONVENIENT AND EFFICIENT SYNTHESIS OF CONDENSED 1,3-DIPHENYLPYRAZOLES : SYNTHESIS OF SOME NEW PYRANOPYRAZOLE , PYRAZOLOPYRANOPYRIMIDINE AND PYRA-ZOLOPYRANOTRIAZOLOPYRIMIDINE DERIVATIVES
Abstract: Several heterocyclic systems such as pyrano[2,3-c]pyrazole, pyrazolo[4,3:5,6] pyrano[2,3-d]pyrimidine and pyrazolo [4,3:5,6]pyrano-[3,2-e][1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-c]pyrimidine derivatives were obtained from the reaction of 1,3-diphenylpyrazole with 4-fluorobenzylidinemalo-nonitrile to give pyrano[2,3-c]pyrazole(1)as starting material.
https://absb.journals.ekb.eg/article_7650_cde27f130916e5389da7033c33d67cc4.pdf
pyrazolone
arylidene
enaminonitrile
aminoimino
pyrano-pyrazole
eng
Al-Azhar University, Faculty of Science (Boys)
Al-Azhar Bulletin of Science
1110-2535
2636-3305
2009-12-18
20
Issue 2-A
23
42
10.21608/absb.2009.7652
7652
Original Article
INHIBITION OF IRON CORROSION USING TWO NEWLY SYNTHESIZED SCHIFF BASE COMPLEXES IN ETHANOLIC HYDROCHLORIC ACID MEDIA
Two different Schiff base complexes were tested as corrosion inhibitors for iron in hydrochloric acid medium (prepared in ethanol) at different temperatures using potentiodynamic polarization measurements. The obtained results reveal that increasing HCl concentration at 35°C increased the anodic and cathodic current density values. Moreover, anodic current density peak was observed at concentrations >1M HCl. However, the magnitude of corrosion rate CR in presence of complexes is suppressed as its tendency to increase with acid concentration. On the other hand, the values of corrosion potentials (around −300 mV(SCE)) were not affected by the addition of any complex. The inhibition efficiency values increase with an increase in complex concentrations in which Hg- complex achieves higher protection efficiency than Zn-complex. The adsorption processes follow the Langmuir isotherm. Concerning the effect of temperature, results demonstrate that increasing the temperature leads to an increase in the corrosion rate of iron and a decrease in the inhibition efficiencies of the complexes. The rise in activation energy Ea values in presence of the complexes explains the corrosion inhibition obtained through physical adsorption. Also, higher ∆H° values indicate higher protection efficiency. ∆S° has negative value for the blank and the complexes solutions indicating that the system passes from a more to a less orderly arrangement.
https://absb.journals.ekb.eg/article_7652_0c0a330698a5710f13f39ca35cd7b138.pdf
IRON CORROSION
Schiff base complexes
eng
Al-Azhar University, Faculty of Science (Boys)
Al-Azhar Bulletin of Science
1110-2535
2636-3305
2009-12-06
20
Issue 2-A
59
74
10.21608/absb.2009.7653
7653
Original Article
MODIFICATION OF SILICA GEL SURFACE BY POLYACRYLAMIDE THROUGH THE REDOX INITIATION OF CERIC AMMONIUM NITRATE - SODIUM SULFITE SYSTEM
In-situ polymerization of acrylamide(AAM) and modification of silica gel surface were extensively studied. The entire different factors affecting the process were optimized aiming at obtaining a product in a maximum yield and high nitrogen content. The obtained results indicated that sodium sulfite is the key issue of the initiation and completeness of both polymerization and modification. Moreover, silica gel itself exerted also an important role in the entire process. The optimum conditions for in-situ modification of 5g silica gel via polymerization of an aqueous acrylamide (5g/50ml) were: 1mM of ceric ammonium nitrate, 120 minutes, 70oC and 0.15g of Na2SO3 as an activator. The synthesized modified samples and silica gel were characterized by elemental analysis (only for the modified samples) FT-IR, XRD, SEM , and differential thermal analysis(DTA ).
https://absb.journals.ekb.eg/article_7653_ef82d7607cae348d10b28d1ff6ca7330.pdf
Silica gel
OLYACRYLAMIDE
eng
Al-Azhar University, Faculty of Science (Boys)
Al-Azhar Bulletin of Science
1110-2535
2636-3305
2009-12-16
20
Issue 2-A
43
59
10.21608/absb.2009.7679
7679
Original Article
THE EFFECT OF TRIAZOLE THIONE DERIVATIVE ON THE CORROSION OF IRON IN HYDROCHLORIC ACID SOLUTIONS
Surfactant; N-(sodium-2–hydroxy-3-sulphato propyl)-5-stearyl-1,3,4-triazole-2-thione (18PTT) was tested as a corrosion inhibitor for iron electrode in hydrochloric acid media using potentiodynamic polarization measurements. Results obtained show that the corrosion rate (CR) increases with increasing of free acid concentration. In the presence of the inhibitor, the magnitude of Cris suppressed as its tendency to increase with acid concentration. The changes in the electrochemical parameters with concentration of surfactant studied are indicative of the adsorption of surfactant leading to the formation of a protective layer on the surface of iron. The inhibition efficiency (IE %) increases with an increase in concentration of surfactant and hydrochloric acid but decreases with temperature. This surfactant suppressed both cathodic and anodic processes of iron corrosion in HC1 solution by adsorption on iron surface according to Langmuir adsorption isotherm but affecting more the anodic reaction than the cathodic one. Thus, it can be classified as mixed-type inhibitor. The thermodynamic parameters for the dissolution of the metal and for the adsorption of the inhibitor on the metal surface were calculated and discussed. In the range of 20-60 °C corrosion rates were found to increase with increasing temperature for inhibited and uninhibited acid solutions, while corrosion potential (Ecorr) was unchanged. The associated apparent activation corrosion energy (Ea) has been determined and found to be higher in presence than in absence of the inhibitor. The calculated thermodynamic parameters (∆G°), (∆H°) and (∆S°) showed that the inhibition process is spontaneous and exothermic in nature.
https://absb.journals.ekb.eg/article_7679_c0710821b01e77247ac7d11fa8b6b1df.pdf
triazole thione
Corrosion
HYDROCHLORIC ACID
eng
Al-Azhar University, Faculty of Science (Boys)
Al-Azhar Bulletin of Science
1110-2535
2636-3305
2009-12-18
20
Issue 2-A
75
88
10.21608/absb.2009.7654
7654
Original Article
SYNTHESIS, REACTIONS, AND ANTI-BACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF SOME NEW N-BENZYL-4-OXOTHIAZOLIDIN-2-YLIDENE)ACETAMIDE DERIVATIVES
Treatment of N-benzyl-2-cyanoacetamide (1) with ethyl isothiocyanate (2) and p-phenylenediisothiocyanate (11) gave the non-isolable intermediates 3 and 12, respectively. Subsequent treatment of 3 and 12, respectively with α-halo esters and/or chloroacetone gave the corresponding 4-oxothiazolidin-2-ylidene 5a-c, bis(4-oxothiazolidin-2-ylidene) (14), thiazol-2-ylidene (6) and bis(5-acetyl-4-amino-3-N-benzylthiophenecarboxamido)-1-,4-pheneylenediamine (13) derivatives, respectively. Reaction of 5a with electrophilic carbon was studied where derivatives (8a,b), 10 were obtained. Cyclocondensation of 1 with thioglycolic acid afforded thiazolidin-4-one derivative (15). Condensation of 15 with 1-naphthaldehyde, arylidenemalononitriles and ethyl α-cyanocinnamate gave 4,5-dihydro-thiazol-2-ylacrylamide (17), thiazolo[3,2-a]pyridines (16a,b) and (18), respectively. The structures of these new compounds were confirmed by IR, (1H- and 13C-NMR) and mass spectral analyses. Some of the synthesized compounds were tested in vitro for their antimicrobial activity, where compounds 5a, 6, 8b, 16a, 16b, and 17 exhibited the best anti-bacterial activity against Salmonella typhi NCIM130331.
https://absb.journals.ekb.eg/article_7654_da02e1c4218b165c44da64635b3569fb.pdf
N-benzyl-2-cyanoacetamide
thiazolidinone
bisthiazoli-dinone derivatives
eng
Al-Azhar University, Faculty of Science (Boys)
Al-Azhar Bulletin of Science
1110-2535
2636-3305
2009-12-17
20
Issue 2-A
89
105
10.21608/absb.2009.7666
7666
Original Article
CORROSION INHIBITION OF AL-CU ALLOY IN ACIDIC MEDIA BY CASSIA ACUTIFOLIA EXTRACT.
The inhibitive action of aqueous extract of Cassia acutifolia (CA) plant on Al-Cu alloy corrosion in 2M HCl, H3PO4 and H2SO4 solutions was studied using weight loss, potentiodynamic and impedance measurements. The inhibition was found to increase with increasing concentration of CA extract. The adsorption behaviour of CA extract followed Flory – Huggins and thermodynamic – Kinetic isotherms. The effect of temperature range (25-65oC) on the corrosion behaviour of Al-Cu alloy in 2M HCl solution indicated that the inhibition efficiency of CA extract decreases with rise of the temperature leading to physical adsorption. Thermodynamic parameters are calculated from Arrhenius transition state equation. Polarization curves showed that CA extract acts as cathodic type inhibitor. Tafel slopes are more or less constant suggesting that the action of CA extract does not affect the mechanism of corrosion process. The results obtained show that the CA extract could serve as an effective inhibitor for the corrosion of Al-Cu alloy in HCl solution.
https://absb.journals.ekb.eg/article_7666_7109697c5e01902a749d157d17fd30d4.pdf
Corrosion inhibition
Natural extract
Al alloy
eng
Al-Azhar University, Faculty of Science (Boys)
Al-Azhar Bulletin of Science
1110-2535
2636-3305
2009-12-12
20
Issue 2-A
107
122
10.21608/absb.2009.7665
7665
Original Article
CASSIA ACUTIFOLIA EXTRACT AS CORROSION INHIBITOR FOR AL CU ALLOY IN NAOH SOLUTION.
Corrosion inhibition of Al-Cu alloy in 1.5 M NaOH by extract of Cassia acutifolia (CA) plant was studied using chemical and electrochemical measurements. The inhibition efficiency was found to increase with increasing concentration of CA extract. The adsorption behaviour followed Flory – Huggins and thermodynamic – Kinetic isotherms. The effects of temperature range (25-65oC) on the corrosion behaviour indicate that the inhibition efficiency of extract decreases with rise of temperature leads to physical adsorption. Thermodynamic parameters were calculated from Arrheinius transition state equation. Polarization curves showed that extract act as cathodic inhibitor. Tafel slopes are more or less constant indicating that the action of extract has no effect on the mechanism of corrosion process. The results obtained show that the CA extract could serve as an effective inhibitor of the corrosion of Al-Cu alloy in NaOH solution.
https://absb.journals.ekb.eg/article_7665_085701739cf3daaae8af2fc6c1b29a12.pdf
Corrosion inhibition
chemical
electrochemical methods
eng
Al-Azhar University, Faculty of Science (Boys)
Al-Azhar Bulletin of Science
1110-2535
2636-3305
2009-12-19
20
Issue 2-A
123
140
10.21608/absb.2009.7680
7680
Original Article
KINETIC STUDY OF ADSORPTION OF ACID DYEING ON COTTON WITH CETYL TRIMETHYL AMMONIUM BROMIDE
Adsorption kinetics study of two Acid dyeing C.I. Acid red 198, C.I. Acid red 99 on cotton in absence and presence of cationic surfactant cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide "CTAB" were carried out at pH 3.0, L:R 0.5 : 50 and an initial dye concentration 1.0 x 10–4 mole dm–3 Pseudo first and second order kinetic models were used to examine the adsorption kinetic data. It was found that the adsorption kinetic of two acid dyeing in absence and presence cationic surfactant with pH control was found to follow the pseudo second order kinetic model with an activation energy of C.I Acid Red 198 55.80, 57.65 and 40.04 kJ/mol but on C.I. Acid Red 99 44.28, 48.40 and 16.51kJ/mol. The effect of cationic surfactant on dyeability of cotton fabric with two acid dyes have also been studied at three different temperatures (45, 60, 90ºC). It was observed that the aggregation of surfactant and anionic dyes takes place at surfactant concentrations far below the critical micelle concentration of the individual surfactant
https://absb.journals.ekb.eg/article_7680_d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e.pdf
Acid dye
Cationic surfactant
Adsorption
Cotton
Kinetics
eng
Al-Azhar University, Faculty of Science (Boys)
Al-Azhar Bulletin of Science
1110-2535
2636-3305
2009-12-01
20
Issue 2-A
141
160
10.21608/absb.2009.7675
7675
Original Article
TRANSPORT PROPERTIES OF SOME NEW THIADIAZOLE SCHIFF-BASE COMPLEXES
The samples under investigation were prepared by the conversional method where pure analar chemical (BDH) where used. FTIR were performed to assure the preparation of the samples in the proper form. The real and imaginary parts of the dielectric constant were measured for the different samples at different temperature as a function of the applied frequency. The obtained data were interpreted in view of the polarization mechanism and the ionic radii of the different metals used. The increase in the transition point with frequency means that the frequency acts as a pumping force pushing the change carriers from one conduction state to another. The addition of more than one element of different ionic radii affect directly on the physical properties because at certain radius some of these ions do not enter the structure.
https://absb.journals.ekb.eg/article_7675_051cec82346538acb9b5702b657ad051.pdf
Transport
THIADIAZOLE SCHIFF-BASE COMPLEXES
eng
Al-Azhar University, Faculty of Science (Boys)
Al-Azhar Bulletin of Science
1110-2535
2636-3305
2009-12-03
20
Issue 2-A
155
166
10.21608/absb.2009.7676
7676
Original Article
EVALUATION OF THE PERFORMANCE FOR THE WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT THROUGH MEASURING PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PARAMETERS
Domestic sewage treatment plant at Suez consists of both primary treatment ponds(mechanical step)where the large particles was removed and secondary treatment ponds .The water samples were collected from different stages of domestic sewage treatment plant during the period from March 2003 to February 2004,from locations influent sewage water(A),aerated lagoon(B),facultative lagoon(C) and effluent water( D). The data obtained indicates that, the suspended solids (SS) values decrease as going from location A(influent) to location D(effluent) during almost all seasons. This finding shows that the effluent of domestic sewage after passing through primary treatment stage it has been clarified. Seasonal variation of dissolved oxygen contents are fluctuated between the lowest values of 0.74 mg/L at location A in autumn 2003and the highest value of 5.48 mg/L at location D in winter 2004. On contrary, the minimum biological oxygen demand (BOD) value was 150mg/L recorded at location D in winter 2004, while the maximum value was 979 mg/L at location A in Autumn 2003. The chemical oxygen demand(COD)contents at the domestic sewage treatment plant are in harmony with the biological oxygen demand (BOD)values as indicated from a high significant correlation coefficient(r =0.979,P≤ 0.05)between them. Furthermore, secondary treatment will reduce effluent BOD, COD and pathogen contents. Removal percents of sulphide ion from location A to location D at domestic sewage treatment plant were 30%,9.07%,6.06% and 6.52% recorded during Spring2003,Summer2003,Autumn2003 and Winter 2004, respectively. Similarly, removal percents of ammonia concentrations are varied from a higher value of 36.36% recorded during spring 2003 to a lower of 3.53% recorded in autumn 2003. On the other hand, the maximum concentration of reactive phosphate in the domestic sewage was 4.61 mg/L recorded at location A in Autumn 2003as the result of use the detergents in house.
https://absb.journals.ekb.eg/article_7676_be464d537751307293fec8799283b6cc.pdf
Wastewater treatment
plant
eng
Al-Azhar University, Faculty of Science (Boys)
Al-Azhar Bulletin of Science
1110-2535
2636-3305
2009-12-08
20
Issue 2-A
167
182
10.21608/absb.2009.7677
7677
Original Article
DYEING OF ALKALI TREATED POLYESTER AND POLYESTER/ VISCOSE BLEND FABRICS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF THEIR PROPERTIES
The alkaline weight reduction of polyester and polyester/viscose blend fabrics and determination of the fabrics dyeing characteristics were evaluated. An alkali treatment of polyester and blend fabrics was carried out in a pilot scale mini jet machine using dilute caustic soda (7 g/L) at 1:20 liquor ratio, in the presence of cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, a cationic surfactant (1 g/L), as a reaction accelerator, at 120oC. The weight reduction obtained was 16 % for polyester fabric and 7.5 for the blend (7.5% weight loss at 95 °C). The alkali treated polyester fabric surface was examined using a scanning electron microscope.
The polyester fabric which has been subjected to alkaline hydrolysis was dyed in alkaline (pH 8.5) and acidic medium (pH 4.5), liquor ratio 1:20, using different Dianix, commercial disperse dyes, in a mini jet machine at and 120oC. The results indicated that the alkaline dyed samples exhibited an increase of color strength and slightly better anti-crease property compared to the acid dyed and untreated control fabrics.
Dyeing of polyester/viscose blend fabrics was carried out in a single bath at 120oC, in a mini jet dyeing machine using the conventional Forosol dyeing at pH 4.5. Alkaline weight reduction process improved the fabrics handle properties. Excellent to very good fastness results were observed for the dyed fabrics.
https://absb.journals.ekb.eg/article_7677_8ca17d80c08b820c6f9bca5b1727a434.pdf
alkaline reduction
alkaline and acidic disperse dyeing
polyester
polyester/viscose blend
single bath blend dyeing
eng
Al-Azhar University, Faculty of Science (Boys)
Al-Azhar Bulletin of Science
1110-2535
2636-3305
2009-12-01
20
Issue 2-A
191
207
10.21608/absb.2009.7678
7678
Original Article
ADSORPTION AND PHOTOCATALYTIC DEGRADATION OF AQUEOUS SOLUTION OF POLAR ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
This study examines the adsorption and the photodegradation of isopropanol and its degradation intermediate, acetone, as a polar organic pollutant. Both isopropanol (100 mg/L) and formed acetone are shown to be effectively photodegraded in aqueous suspensions of 2g/L TiO2. It was found that dark adsorption isothermal of isopropanol on the surface of TiO2 was unfavoured process, which suggesting that the photodegradation reaction occurred in the bulk solution (homogeneous) rather than on the surface (heterogeneous) of the photocatalyst. In addition, homogeneous reaction is further confirmed by the decrease of the degradation rate of isopropanol in presence of 1x10-4 M tetranitromethane (TNM) which is effectively eliminating the formation of free OH• radicals in the bulk solution. Under the studied conditions, the parent isopropanol and its degradation product, acetone, were completely degraded from aqueous solution in about 2.5 -5.5 h.
https://absb.journals.ekb.eg/article_7678_0e4012a48daccc8d5a2fa963aec3dce3.pdf
Isopropanol
Acetone
Photocatalytic degradation
TiO2
Polar organic compounds
Adsorption