@article { author = {Elrakaiby, Randa}, title = {A SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC METHOD FOR VANADIUM DETERMINATION IN SEVERAL GEOLOGICAL MATRICES USING ALIZARIN RED S}, journal = {Al-Azhar Bulletin of Science}, volume = {29}, number = {Issue 1-A}, pages = {1-8}, year = {2018}, publisher = {Al-Azhar University, Faculty of Science (Boys)}, issn = {1110-2535}, eissn = {2636-3305}, doi = {10.21608/absb.2018.33746}, abstract = {A simple versatile developed spectrophotometric method for the determination of vanadium (V) in several geological matrices was suggested and studied in the present work, using alizarin red S as a chromogenic dye. Several factors were studied for optimum determination, namely; effect of pH, buffer solution, dye concentration, sequence of addition, duration time and molar ratio. The complex was stable for two hours. Beer’s law was obeyed in the concentration range 0.05-6 μg ml-1 at λmax 483 nm with molar absorptivity (ε) value 0.72x104 L mol-1 cm-1, percentage relative standard deviation (%RSD) (4.5% ) and % error (1.97%). Tolerance limits of foreign cations and anions were studied. A precipitation method for separation of the concomitant interfering ions was applied to overcome the interference effect of these elements with vanadium, to ease its determination with accurate and precise values. The proposed method was successfully applied to analysis of vanadium in different rock types.}, keywords = {Vanadium,Determination,Alizarin red S,Geological samples}, url = {https://absb.journals.ekb.eg/article_33746.html}, eprint = {https://absb.journals.ekb.eg/article_33746_10b7eed072c82557ab2d444ecab1cacf.pdf} } @article { author = {Saraya, Mohamed and Thabet, Mohamed}, title = {CHARACTERIZATION AND EVALUATION OF NATURAL ZEOLITE AS A POZZOLANIC MATERIAL}, journal = {Al-Azhar Bulletin of Science}, volume = {29}, number = {Issue 1-A}, pages = {17-34}, year = {2018}, publisher = {Al-Azhar University, Faculty of Science (Boys)}, issn = {1110-2535}, eissn = {2636-3305}, doi = {10.21608/absb.2018.33747}, abstract = {This paper presents details about mineralogical and chemical composition of natural zeolite (NZ) from Harrat Shama for using it as a pozzolanic material. The structural properties and mineralogical composition of NZ were determined using XRF, XRD, FTIR, DSC, SEM-EDX as well as study surface texture and cation exchange capacity. The geopolymer paste was prepared using sodium silicate solution as activator for zeolite and incubated at 25 and 45 ºC up to 90 days. The compressive strength of NZ-based geopolymer was investigated up to 90 days. Five blended cement were designed by substitution for Portland cement by 0 %, 5 %, 10 %, 15 % and 20% of NZ. The compressive strength of NZ-OPC pastes were studied up to 90 days. The microstructure of NZ-Based geopolymer and hydrated NZ-cement pastes were tested. The results were shown that the sum of SiO2, Al2O3, and Fe2O3 content in the natural zeolite was approximately 82.71.3% and mainly composed of clinoptilolite mineral. Geopolymerization of NZ gave a good dense geopolymer matrix with high early stage mechanical properties. The NZ has shown improving early stage compressive strength of all blended cement pastes up to 7 days. The incorporation of nature raw zeolite in cement, up to 10% wt, improved the compressive strength to 7-29%. Generally, Saudi Arabian natural zeoilite (NZ) have high pozzolanic properties and could be used in the preparation of geopolymers matrix and blended cement pastes.}, keywords = {Natural raw zeolite,Characterization,Geopolymerization,Pozzolana,Saudi Arabia}, url = {https://absb.journals.ekb.eg/article_33747.html}, eprint = {https://absb.journals.ekb.eg/article_33747_633c999415b9ef5b725bd2d1c42f46a9.pdf} } @article { author = {Daher, A. and Badawy, N. and Mohrez, Waleed and abbel-Hamid, Abdallh and yossef, A. and Abd El Pasir, A.}, title = {OPTIMIZATION OF REDUCTION PROCESS OF EGYPTIAN ILMENITE VIA METALLOTHERMIC REACTIONS}, journal = {Al-Azhar Bulletin of Science}, volume = {29}, number = {Issue 1-A}, pages = {35-41}, year = {2018}, publisher = {Al-Azhar University, Faculty of Science (Boys)}, issn = {1110-2535}, eissn = {2636-3305}, doi = {10.21608/absb.2018.33748}, abstract = {It is important to develop technologies for the production of master alloys for industrial applications. Detailed research on reduction of titanium from Egyptian ilmenite by an aluminothermic process in a graphite Crucible was charged by the mixture of ilmenite, flux, aluminum was investigated. This paper study the effect of aluminum feed (10% - 35%), flux material (type, and amount), and temperature preheat from 50 oC to 400 oC and time of preheating from 0.5 hr. to 3 hrs. Then, the metallic samples formed by the reduction were analyzed using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy. The mixed fluxes were strongly and successfully reduced ilmenite to a high-purity master alloy with small amounts of detected impurities.}, keywords = {Aluminothermic,Egyptian ilmenite,flux,ferrotitanium,master alloy}, url = {https://absb.journals.ekb.eg/article_33748.html}, eprint = {https://absb.journals.ekb.eg/article_33748_d2ffff1905e6562c0221c36c90ff4f0a.pdf} } @article { author = {Swelam, A. and Salem, A. and Aanym, A. and Farghly, A.}, title = {KINETIC AND THERMODYNAMIC SORPTION STUDY OF COBALT REMOVAL FROM WATER SOLUTION WITH MAGNETIC NANO-HYDROXYAPATITE}, journal = {Al-Azhar Bulletin of Science}, volume = {29}, number = {Issue 1-A}, pages = {45-58}, year = {2018}, publisher = {Al-Azhar University, Faculty of Science (Boys)}, issn = {1110-2535}, eissn = {2636-3305}, doi = {10.21608/absb.2018.33749}, abstract = {In this study, Magnetite–hydroxyapatite nanocomposites were prepared by in situ precipitation of the calcium phosphate phase in an iron oxide colloidal suspension. Adsorption of cobalt was initially rapid and the adsorption process reached a steady state after 180 min. The Co(II) adsorption capability of the MHAp was investigated as a function of temperature, pH, ionic strength, adsorbent dosage, agitation speed and initial Co(II) concentration. Theincrease in pH and temperature resulted in an increase in Co(II) adsorption capacity; Increasing ionic strength increased the adsorption of Co(II) by MHAp; The adsorption isotherms were well described by the Freundlich model, Langmuir, Temkin and D-R models. The Freundlich model was found to provide the better fit with the experimental data. Different types of adsorption kinetic models were used to describe the Co (II) adsorption behaviour, and the experimental results fitted the pseudo-second-order kinetic models well. Thermodynamics parameters such as ΔHo, ΔSo, ΔGo revealed that the adsorption of Co(II) by MHAp was endothermic in nature, physisorption, spontaneous at 308 and 318K.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://absb.journals.ekb.eg/article_33749.html}, eprint = {https://absb.journals.ekb.eg/article_33749_1f8307df888ace2770ff6665987c063a.pdf} } @article { author = {Ghazy, Mohamed and El-Zawawy, Waleed and Eldebss, Taha and Helal, Mohamed and Rashed, Khaled}, title = {COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN ERASABLE AND DISAPPEARING INKS USED IN FORGING DOCUMENTS}, journal = {Al-Azhar Bulletin of Science}, volume = {29}, number = {Issue 1-A}, pages = {59-70}, year = {2018}, publisher = {Al-Azhar University, Faculty of Science (Boys)}, issn = {1110-2535}, eissn = {2636-3305}, doi = {10.21608/absb.2018.33750}, abstract = {The aim of this work is to compare between erasable and disappearing inks and study their role in the forgery of different documents. The obtained results showed differences between erasable and disappearing inks that help the documents examiner to deal with them when submitted in cases. The disappearing ink which contains phenolphthalein loses its color by time faster than that contains thymolphthalein. While the color of erasable ink did not generally change by time at room temperature but changed on exposure to UV light. On the other hand, the disappearing ink is absorbed by paper while erasable ink remains on paper surface. The two types of ink are more stable on polycarbonate polymer sheets. The polymer component of erasable ink is chemically bonded with polycarbonate polymer leading to ink stability. The presence of Ti in the pigment of disappearing ink acts as tag in forgery examination due to its diffusion inside polycarbonate sheet.}, keywords = {Erasable inks,disappearing inks,forgery,polycarbonate polymer sheet,Pigment}, url = {https://absb.journals.ekb.eg/article_33750.html}, eprint = {https://absb.journals.ekb.eg/article_33750_f3b32682322f0521f87e5957a8650a2c.pdf} } @article { author = {Taha, Tarek and Abu-Saied, M. and Elnaggar, Elsayed and Amer, Ranya and Mansy, Ahmed and Elkady, Gamal}, title = {BIO-ETHANOL PRODUCTION FROM ENVIRONMENTAL WASTE FOLLOWED BY POLYMERIC SEPARATION OF FORMED ETHANOL/WATER MIXTURE}, journal = {Al-Azhar Bulletin of Science}, volume = {29}, number = {Issue 1-A}, pages = {71-80}, year = {2018}, publisher = {Al-Azhar University, Faculty of Science (Boys)}, issn = {1110-2535}, eissn = {2636-3305}, doi = {10.21608/absb.2018.33751}, abstract = {Recent studies are concerned by future energy shortage that projected to occur as a result of fossil fuel depletions. Our study was interested to use the environmental wastes as a raw material for bio-ethanol production. Kitchen wastes are one of the most distributed wastes all over the world. Starchy ingredients in the form of rice mainly are the major component of such wastes. Crude alpha amylase enzyme has been applied to convert the starch molecules into simple units of glucose. Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been subsequently used to ferment the produced glucose units into bioethanol anaerobically. The obtained results showed that 40% rice substrate is the optimum concentration to produce the highest glucose units at 417.9 mg/dl. However, the higher concentration of the substrate (rice) was recorded as a blocking agent for glucose production. On the other hand, the higher percentage of alpha amylase (100 μl) was recorded as the most preferable one to produce the most elevated glucose concentration of approximately 482.5 mg /dl. The highest bioethanol production of 423.5 mg/dlwas obtained after anaerobic fermentation of the free yeast cells at 30oC without shaking. The produced bio-ethanol compared with standard 25% ethanol was separated by using amicon cell ultra-filtration at different nitrogen pressures. Chitosan and sodium alginate membranes were prepared to be used in the bio-ethanol/water separation process. Chitosan and sodium alginate membranes were characterized by SEM and IEC. The hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity of the prepared membranes were investigated using contact angle.}, keywords = {Environmental waste,Chitosan and sodium alginate membranes,production of bio-ethanol,separation process by amicon cell system}, url = {https://absb.journals.ekb.eg/article_33751.html}, eprint = {https://absb.journals.ekb.eg/article_33751_5905e32544a00c99a391deca9ae130cd.pdf} } @article { author = {Elrakaiby, Randa}, title = {DIRECT AND DERIVATIVE SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC METHOD FOR YTTRIUM DETERMINATION IN DIFFERENT RARE EARTH CONCENTRATES}, journal = {Al-Azhar Bulletin of Science}, volume = {29}, number = {Issue 1-A}, pages = {81-89}, year = {2018}, publisher = {Al-Azhar University, Faculty of Science (Boys)}, issn = {1110-2535}, eissn = {2636-3305}, doi = {10.21608/absb.2018.33752}, abstract = {A simple and accurate spectrophotometric method for the determination of Yttrium using xylenol orange as a chromogenic dye in different rare earth concentrates of Egyptian monazite and xenotime by using direct and derivative spectrophotometric methods was described in the present work. The calibration curve was linear from 0.2 – 6 μg ml-1 at a maximum wavelength value of 568 nm. The various parameters and reaction conditions, which influence the formation of the complex, were investigated where the complex were stable for one hour. The molar absorptivity (є) and Sandell’s sensitivity were found to be 3.4x104 L mol-1 cm-1and 2.7x10-3 respectively. The % RSD and percentage error were 1.64% and 1.5% respectively. A high sensitivity and accuracy for the determination of yttrium in the rare earths Elements (REE) concentrates was observed when the first derivative spectrophotometric method was applied.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://absb.journals.ekb.eg/article_33752.html}, eprint = {https://absb.journals.ekb.eg/article_33752_2f7c7775c6994eeb70ff73c3e39f0d50.pdf} } @article { author = {El-Adawy, Hassan}, title = {ALKALI ACTIVATED CRAB SHELL FOR THE ADSORPTION OF VICTORIA BLUE FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTION}, journal = {Al-Azhar Bulletin of Science}, volume = {29}, number = {Issue 1-A}, pages = {91-98}, year = {2018}, publisher = {Al-Azhar University, Faculty of Science (Boys)}, issn = {1110-2535}, eissn = {2636-3305}, doi = {10.21608/absb.2018.33753}, abstract = {In this study, the adsorption equilibrium of Victoria blue (VB) dye by alkali activated crab shell (AACS) was studied using batch process. The factors affecting the adsorption process, including contact time, pH, initial dye concentration, particle size, adsorbent dosage and temperature, were investigated. The models of Langmuir, Freundlich, and Temkin isotherms were used for analyze equilibrium data. The Langmuir isotherm model was found to fit the best, and the maximum adsorption capacity was 8.6 mg/g at 35°C. Thermodynamic parameters, such as ΔH, ΔG, and ΔS were calculated. Negative values of ΔG indicated that the overall adsorption was spontaneous. The characterization of adsorbent surface by FTIR confirmed that the AACS can adsorb VB dye from its solutions. Experimental results showed that the adsorption capacity increased with temperature and the AACS was an effective adsorbent for removing VB dye.}, keywords = {Adsorption,Victoria blue,Crab shell,isotherms,Thermodynamics}, url = {https://absb.journals.ekb.eg/article_33753.html}, eprint = {https://absb.journals.ekb.eg/article_33753_564e8d6b5429b43c83b7fc7434287075.pdf} }